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micrf112 300mhz to 450mhz, +10dbm , 1.8v to 3.6v, ask/fsk transmitter with shutdown qwikradio is a registered trademark of micrel, inc. micrel inc. ? 2180 fortune drive ? san jose, ca 95131 ? usa ? tel +1 (408) 944 - 080 0 ? fax + 1 (408) 474 - 1000 ? http://www.micrel.com febr uary 2013 m9999 - 020713 general description the micrf112 is a high - performance, easy to use, true data - in, rf - out , ask/fsk, phase - locked loop (pll) based , transmitter ic for applications in the 300mhz to 450mhz frequency range. these applications include remote keyless entry (rke) and tire pressure moni toring (tpms). the device needs only a low - cost crystal to precisely set the desired rf frequency, and a few external components for matching the power amplifier output to the antenna. the micrf112 operates over the 1.8v to 3.6v o perating range and delivers +10dbm (cw) output power into a 50? load, while consuming 11.5ma of supply current from a 3.0v power supply. in ask mode, the device consumes 6.9ma of supply current at a data rate of 1 k bps (manchester 50%). it features a low - po wer shutdown mode in which the device typically consumes 50na of supply current. this makes it an ideal solution for battery powered applications . the micrf112 is rated for the ? 40 c to +125 c temperatu r e range, and is available in 10 - pin msop and 10 - pin ultra - thin dfn package s. for a utomotive applications, where aec - q100 qualification is required, consider the maqrf112. for ask - only applications that do not require shutdown, consider the micrf113 in sot23 - 6. data sheets and support documentation can be found on micrels website at : www.micrel.com . features ? 1. 8v to 3.6v supply v oltage r ange ? up to +10dbm output power (cw) ? 6.9ma supply current at 1kbps ask (50% manchester) ? 11.5ma supply current at +10dbm (fsk/cw) ? 1a sh utdown supply current ? data rates up to 50kbps ask, 10k bps fsk ? crystal or ceramic resonators sets rf frequency ? ? 40c to +125c t emperature r ange ? 10 - pin msop (3.0mm x 4.9mm) ? 10 - pin ultra - thin dfn (2mm x 2mm x 0.4mm) applications ? remote keyless entry s yst ems (rke) ? remote control (stb, hvac , and a ppliances) ? garage d oor o pener s (gdo) ? tire p ressure mo nitor s ystem s (tpms) ? outdoor w eather s tations ? security /alarm s ystems ? lighting and fan remote c ontrols ? doorb ells ? irrigation c ontrol typical application downloaded from: http:///
micrel, inc. micrf112 febr uary 2013 2 m9999 - 020713 ordering information pin configuration 10 - pin ultra - thin dfn (mu) (2mm x 2mm x 0.4mm) top view 10 - pin msop (mm) top view note: the pin1 marking symbol could be a circle, triangle , or other symbol . pin description pin number pin name pin function 1 ask ask d ata i nput 2 xt lin referen ce oscillator input connection 3 xtlout referenc e oscillator output conn ection 4 vss ground 5 xtal_mod reference oscillation modulation port for fsk operation 6 fsk fsk data i nput 7 en chip enable, active high 8 vsspa pa g round 9 paout pa output 10 vdd positive power s upply part number top mark temp. range package micrf112ymm rf112ymm C 40c to +125c 10 - pin msop micrf112ymu 12b C 40c to +125c 10 - pin ut dfn downloaded from: http:///
micrel, inc. micrf112 febr uary 2013 3 m9999 - 020713 absolute maximum ratings (1) supply voltage ( vdd) ................................................. +4.3 v voltage on paout ...................................................... +7.2v voltage on i/o pins ........................ vss C 0.3 to vdd + 0.3 lead temperature (soldering, 10 s) .......................... +300 c storage temperature (t s ) ......................... ? 65c to +150c esd rating ................................................................ . note 3 operating ratings (2) supply v oltage (v dd) ...................................... 1.8v to 3.6 v ambient operating temperature (t a ) ........ - 40c to +12 5c transmitter frequency range ............. 300mhz to 450mhz electrical characteristics (4) s peci?cations apply for vdd = 3.0v, t a = 25c, freq refosc = 13.560mhz, en = vdd. 1kbps data rate , 50% duty cycle. r l 50 load (matched) parameter condition min . typ . max . units power supply standby s upply c urrent, iq en = v ss 0.05 1 a mark supply cu rrent i on @ 315mhz, p out = +10dbm 11.5 ma @ 433.92mhz, p out = +10dbm 11.6 ma space s upply c urrent, i off @ 315mhz 2.4 ma @ 433.92mhz 2.7 ma rf output section and modulation limits: output power level, p out fsk or ask " mark" @ 315mhz (4) 10 dbm @ 433.92mhz (4) 10 dbm harmonics output for 315 mhz @ 630mhz (4) 2nd harm. ? 53 dbc @ 945mhz (4) 3rd harm. ? 53 dbc harmonics output for 433.92 mhz @ 867.84mhz (4) 2nd harm. ? 51 dbc @ 1301.76mhz (4) 3rd harm. ? 65 dbc extinction r a tio for ask 80 dbc fsk modulation frequency deviation l oad capacitor = 10pf, crystal type = hc49/u 22 khz data rate 10 k bps ask modulation data rate 50 k bps occupied bandwidth @ 315mhz (5) <700 khz @ 433.92mhz (5) <1000 khz vc o section 315mhz single side band phase noise @ 100khz from carrier ? 76 dbc/hz @ 1000khz from carrier ? 79 dbc/hz 433.92mhz single side band phase noise @ 100khz from carrier ? 72 dbc/hz @ 1000khz from carrier ? 81 dbc/hz reference oscillator s ection xtlin, xtlout, xtlmod pin capacitance 2 pf external capacitance see schematic c17 & c18 18 pf oscillator start -u p time (6) crystal: hc49s 400 s downloaded from: http:///
micrel, inc. micrf112 febr uary 2013 4 m9999 - 020713 parameter condition min . typ . max . units digital/control section output blanking stdby transition from low to high 500 s digital input (en, ask , and fsk) high (v ih ) 0.8 v dd v low (v il ) 0.2 v dd v digital input leakage current (en, ask , and fsk pins) high (v ih ) 0.05 a low (v il ) 0.05 a underv oltage lock out (uvlo) 1.6 v notes: 1. exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device. 2. the device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating s. 3. devices are esd sensitive. handling precautions recommended. human body model, 1.5k in seri es with 100pf. 4. measure d using the circuit shown in the test ci rcuit section . 5. rbw = 100khz, obw measured at ? 20dbc. 6. dependent on crystal. downloaded from: http:///
micrel, inc. micrf112 febr uary 2013 5 m9999 - 020713 test circuit micrf112 test circuit with 50? output (msop) notes: 1. values without parenthesis are for 433.92mhz and values in parenthesis are for 315mhz. 2. c9 = 100pf for external ref - osc. 3. for fsk r1 = 0?, r2 = np, r6 = 100k, and r5 = np. downloaded from: http:///
micrel, inc. micrf112 febr uary 2013 6 m9999 - 020713 50 evaluation board pcb layout assembly drawing micr f112 50 evaluation board (msop) top layer micrf112 50 evaluation board (msop) bottom layer micrf112 50 evaluation board (msop) downloaded from: http:///
micrel, inc. micrf112 febr uary 2013 7 m9999 - 020713 typical characteristics using micrf112, 50 ? evaluation board (msop) 315mhz obw, ask = 1khz 315mhz obw, ask = 50khz cw max power @ 3v, 315mhz, ask = 1khz (1) rf spectrum 2 nd harmonic; fun damental at 315 mhz rf spectrum 3 rd harmonic; fundamental at 315 mhz 315mhz, power level at space, vdd = 3.0v, ask = 1khz note: 1. 1.2db cable loss. downloaded from: http:///
micrel, inc. micrf112 febr uary 2013 8 m9999 - 020713 typical characterist ics using micrf112, 50 ? evaluation board (msop) (continued) 315mhz, zero span, ask = 1khz 315mhz, zero span, ask = 50khz 315mhz, phase noise, ask = 1khz, 100khz offset, C 75.59dbc/hz 315mhz, phase noise, ask = 1khz, 1mhz offset, C 78.99dbc/hz 315mhz, phase noise, ask = cw, 100khz offset, C 74.39dbc/hz 315mhz, phase noise, ask = cw, 1mhz offset, C 77.28dbc/hz downloaded from: http:///
micrel, inc. micrf112 febr uary 2013 9 m9999 - 020713 typical characteristics using micrf112, 50 ? evaluation board (msop) (continued) 433.92mhz obw, ask = 1khz 433.92mhz obw, ask = 50khz 433.92mhz, cw max power @ 3v, ask = 1khz (1) rf spectrum 2 nd harmonic; fundamental at 433.92mhz rf spectrum 3 rd harmonic; fundamental at 433.92mhz 433.92mhz, power level at space, vdd = 3.0v, ask = 1khz note: 1. 1.3db cable loss. downloaded from: http:///
micrel, inc. micrf112 febr uary 2013 10 m9999 - 020713 typical characteristics using micrf112, 50 ? evaluation board (msop) (continued) 433.92mhz zero span, 1khz 433.92ask zero span at 50khz 433.92mhz phase noise, ask = cw, 100khz offset, C 81.04dbc/hz 433.92mhz phase noise, ask = cw, 1mhz offset, C 78.76dbc/hz 433.92mhz phase noise, ask = 1khz , 100khz offset, C 71.73dbc/hz 433.92mhz phase noise, ask = 1khz, 1mhz offset, C 81.04dbc/h downloaded from: http:///
micrel, inc. micrf112 febr uary 2013 11 m9999 - 020713 functional diagram figure 1. functional block diagram micrf112 10 pin ask/fsk version functional description figure 1 shows a functional block diagram of the micrf112 transmitter. the micrf112 can be best described as a phase - locked transmitter. the system can be partitioned into six functional blocks: crystal oscillator, pll32, power ampli?er, enable control, under voltage detect, and open - drain switch for fsk operation. crystal oscillator the reference oscillator is a crystal - based pierce con?guration. it is designed to accept crystals with frequenc ies from 9.375mhz to 14.0625mhz. cry stal oscillator parameters for ask operation figure 2 shows a reference oscillator circuit con?guration for ask operation. the reference oscillator can drive crystals with an esr range from 20 ? to 300 ? . when the esr of the crystal is at 20 ? , the crystal p arameter limits are: esr 20 ? c par 2 to 10pf c mo 10 to 40ff figure 2. reference oscillator ask operation when the esr of the crystal is at 300?, the crystal parameter limits are: esr 300 ? c par 2 to 5pf c mo 10 to 40ff c load 10 to 30pf downloaded from: http:///
micrel, inc. micrf112 febr uary 2013 12 m9999 - 020713 crys tal oscillator for fsk operation figure 3 shows the reference oscillator circuit c on?guration for fsk operation. to operate the micrf112 in fsk mode, one additional capacitor is needed between xtlout pin and the xtal_mod pin. crystal parameters for fsk operation are the same as fo r ask operation except: ? when the esr of crystal is at 20 ? , c fsk + c load must not exceed 70pf. ? when the esr of crystal is at 300 ? , c fsk + c load must not exceed 30pf. figure 3. reference oscillator fsk operation pll 32 the function of pll32 is to provide a stable carrier frequency for transmission. it is a divided by 32 phase - locked oscillator. power amplifier the power amplifier serves two purposes: to buffer the vco from external elements and to amplify the phase - lo cked signal. the power amplifier can produce +10dbm at 3v (typical). enable control the e nable control gates the ask data. it only allows transmission when l ock, amplitude , and underv oltage detect conditions are valid. underv oltage detect the u ndervoltage detect block senses operating voltage. if the operating voltage falls below 1.6v, the under voltage detect block send s a signal to the enable contro l block to disable the pa. open - drain switch the open - drain switch is used for fsk operation. fsk data is fed into the fsk pin. the fsk pin is connected to the gate of the open - drain switch. the open collector i s connected to the xtal _ mod pin. in figure 3 , a capacitor is shown connected from the xtal _mod pin to xtlout. when the fsk pin goes high, the capacitor be tween xtal _ mod and xt lout pulls the frequency of refosc low. downloaded from: http:///
micrel, inc. micrf112 febr uary 2013 13 m9999 - 020713 application information figure 4. ask 433.92mhz and 315mhz (msop) note : values in parenthesis are for 315mhz. the micrf112 is ideal for driving a 50 source monopole or a loop antenna. figure 4 is an example of a loop antenna configuration. figure 4 also shows both 315mhz and 433.92mhz ask configurations for a loop antenna. in addition to using a different crystal, modified values are needed for certain frequencies. these are listed in table 1 . frequency (mhz) l1 (nh) c5 (pf) l4 (nh) c7 (pf) y1 (mhz) 315.0 470 10 150 6.8 9.84375 433.92 680 10 82 4.7 13.5600 table 1 . modified frequency values the reference design shown in figure 4 has an antenna optimized for using the matching n etwork , as described in table 1. power control using an external resistor r7 is used to adjust the rf output levels that may be needed to meet compliance. as an example, tables 2 and 3 list typical values of conducted rf output levels and corresponding r7 resistor values for the 50 ? test board shown in the test circuit . r7, ? output power, dbm idd, ma 0 10 6.7 75 8.5 6.3 100 8.0 6.2 500 1.6 4.13 1000 ? 3.8 4.87 table 2. ask output power at 1kbps (manchester) vs. external resistor at 315mhz r7, ? output power, dbm idd, ma 0 8.68 7.5 75 8.34 7.33 100 8.02 7.3 500 4.34 6.3 1000 0.42 5.5 table 3. ask output power at 1kbps (manchester) vs. external resistor at 433.92mhz downloaded from: http:///
micrel, inc. micrf112 febr uary 2013 14 m9999 - 020713 output matching network part of the function of the output network is to attenuate the second and third harmonics. when matching to a transmit frequency, be sure not only to optimize for maximum output power but to attenuate unwanted harmonics. layout issues pcb layout is extremely important to achieve optimum performance and consistent manufacturing res ults. be careful with the orientation of the components to ensure that they do not couple or decouple the rf signal. pcb trace length should be short , to minimize parasitic inductance (1in ~ 20nh). for example, depending on inductance values, a 0.5 in trace can change the inductance by as much as 10%. to reduce parasitic inductance, the use of wide traces and a ground plane under signal traces is recommended. use vias with low value inductance for components requiring a connection to ground. antenna layout t he antenna trace layout affects directivity. no ground plane should be under the antenna trace. for consistent performance, do not place components inside the loop of the antenna. gerbers for the evaluation board pcb , with a suggested layout are available on the micrel web site at: www.micrel.com . downloaded from: http:///
micrel, inc. micrf112 febr uary 2013 15 m9999 - 020713 demo board pcb layout assembly drawing micrf112 evaluation board (msop) top layer micrf112 evaluation board (msop) bottom layer micrf112 evaluation board ( msop) downloaded from: http:///
micrel, inc. micrf112 febr uary 2013 16 m9999 - 020713 evaluation board schematic figure 5. tx112 - 1 evaluation board schematic (msop) note : configuration is for ask operation. values in parenthesis are for 315mhz . functional description of the tx112- 1 evaluation board the layout of the tx112 - 1 evaluation board pcb is shown on page 15 . figure 5 is a detailed schematic of the tx112 - 1. c omponents labeled np use different configurations for fsk operation. table 2 describes each header pin connector used in the evaluation board. pin function name functional description j1 -1 vdd 1.8v to 3.6v j1 -2 ground vss j1 -3 ask input modulating data input, ask or fsk j2 -1 ref - osc external reference input j2 -2 ground vss j2 -3 enable enable input, active high table 4 . header pin connectors downloaded from: http:///
micrel, inc. micrf112 febr uary 2013 17 m9999 - 020713 tx112 -1- 433.92 ask bill of materials item part number manufacturer description qty. c1 grm21br60j106ke01l murata (1) 10 f capacitor, 0805 1 c2 grm1885c1h101ja01d murata 100pf capacitor, 0603 1 c5 grm1885c1h100ja01d murata 10pf capacitor, 0603 1 r1,r4,r6 3 c6,c8,c11,c12,c15 5 c7 grm1885c1h4r7ja01d murata 4.7pf capacitor, 0603 1 c10 grm188f51h104za01d murata 0.1 f capacitor, 0603 1 c13,c14 grm1885c1h180ja01d murata 18pf capacitor, 0603 2 j1,j2 tshr - 114 -s- 02 -a- gt con3 2 l1 0805cs - 680xjb coilcraft (2) 470nh inductor, 0805 1 l4 0603cs - 082nxjb coilcraft 150nh inductor, 0603 1 l5 antenna loop, part of pcb antenna 1 r2 crcw0603100kfkea vishay (3) 100k resistor, 0603 1 r3,r5,r7 r8,jpr1,jpr2 crc06030000z0ea vishay 0 resistor, 0603 6 u1 micrf112ym m micrel (4) 300mhz to 450mhz, +10dbm ask/fsk transmitter with shutdown 1 y1 sa- 13.5600 -f- 10 -c-3-3 hib (5) 13.560mh z xtal 1 notes: 1. murata tel: www.murata.com . 2. coilcraft: www.coilcraft.com . 3. vishay tel: www.vishay.com 4. micrel , inc.: www.micrel.com . 5. hib: www.hib.com.br . downloaded from: http:///
micrel, inc. micrf112 febr uary 2013 18 m9999 - 020713 tx112 -1- 315mhz ask bill of materials item part number manufacturer description qty. c1 grm21br60j106ke01l murata (1) 10 f capacitor, 0805 1 c2 grm1885c1h101ja01d murata 100pf capacitor, 0603 1 c5 grm 1885c1h1000ja01d murata 10pf capacitor, 0603 1 r1,r4,r6 3 c6,c8,c11,c12,c15 5 c7 grm1885c1h6r8ja01d murata 4.7pf capacitor, 0603 1 c10 grm188f51h104za01d murata 0.1 f capacitor, 0603 1 c13,c14 grm1885c1h180ja01d murata 18pf capacitor, 0603 2 j1 ,j2 tshr - 114 -s- 02 -a- gt con3 2 l1 0805cs - 470xjb coilcraft (2) 470nh inductor, 0805 1 l4 0603cs - r15xjb coilcraft 150nh inductor, 0603 1 l5 antenna loop, part of pcb antenna 1 r2 crcw0603100kfkea vishay (3) 100k resistor, 0603 1 r3,r5,r7 r8,jpr1,jpr2 crc06030000z0ea vishay 0 resistor, 0603 6 u1 micrf112ym m micrel (4) 300mhz to 450mhz, +10dbm ask/fsk transmitter with shutdown 1 y1 sa- 9.84375 -f- 10 -c-3-3 hib (5) 9.84375mhz xtal 1 notes: 1. murata tel: www.murata.com . 2. coilcraft : www.coilcraft.com . 3. vishay tel: www.vishay.com . 4. micrel , inc.: www.micrel.com . 5. hib: www.hib.com.br . downloaded from: http:///
micrel, inc. micrf112 febr uary 2013 19 m9999 - 020713 fsk operation the bill of materials tables describe the components needed for a sk operation for 433.92mhz and 315mhz. table 5 lists the component values that change between ask and fsk operatio n. note that use of a high fsk data rate may excite parasitic resonant modes with some crystal types. recommended crystals from t he bill of materials tables are good for both ask and fsk. mode r1 r2 r5 r6 jpr1 jpr2 c8 ask np 100k? 0? np 0? np np fsk 0? np np 100k? np 0? 3.3pf (1) 10pf (2) notes: 1. c8 = 3.3pf for 1khz using hc49/u or hc49us type crystals. 2. c8= 10pf for 10khz using hc49/u, (high profile) only. table 5. ask and fsk settings r3 r4 constant on 0? np external standby control np 100k? table 6. enable control (shutdown) downloaded from: http:///
micrel, inc. micrf112 febr uary 2013 20 m9999 - 020713 package information (1) 10 - pin msop package type (ymm ) note: the pin1 marking symbol could be a circle, triangle, or other symbol. package inf ormation is correct as of the publication date. for updates and most current information, go to www.micrel.com . downloaded from: http:///
micrel, inc. micrf112 febr uary 2013 21 m9999 - 020713 package information (1) (continued) 10 - pin ultra - thin dfn 2mm x 2mm x 0.4mm (mu) note: the pin1 marking symbol could be a circle, triangle, or other sy mbol. package information is correct as of the publication date. for updates and most current information, go to www.micrel.com . micrel, inc. 2180 fortune drive san jose, ca 95131 usa tel +1 (408) 944 - 0800 fax +1 (408) 474 - 1000 web http://www.micrel.com micrel makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or co mpleteness of the information furnished in th is data sheet. this information is not intended as a warranty and micrel does not assume responsibility for its use. micrel reserves the right to change circuitry, specifications and descriptions at any time without notice. no license, whether express, implied, arising by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual p roperty rights is granted by this document. except as provided in micrels terms and conditions of sale for such products, mic rel assumes no liability whatsoever, and micrel disclaims any express or implied warranty relating to the sale and/or us e of micrel products including liability or warranties relating to fitness for a particular purpose, merchantability, or infringement of any patent, copyright or other intellectual property right . micrel products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, dev ices or systems where malfunction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. life support devices or systems are device s or systems that (a) are intended for s urgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expect ed to result in a significant injury to the user. a purchasers use or sale of micrel products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is a purchasers own risk and purchaser agrees to fully indemnify micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. ? 2013 micrel, incorporated. downloaded from: http:///

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